Samenvatting
The question of how to arrive at a successful introduction of congestion charging schemes is considered with reference to research and experience. Congestion charging schemes in Singapore, Stockholm and London are appraised. Subjects discussed include: the general principles of acceptance; the prime objective of congestion charging; revenues and their use; the operating costs of a congestion charging scheme; value-pricing and area-pricing approaches; parking pricing; and the economics of congestion charging.